🕒 ATmega48A - Binary Clock

A compact binary clock implementation using ATmega48A microcontroller with power-saving features and brightness control

🛠️ Hardware Configuration

📍 Pin Overview

📡 Circuit Board

Front View	Back View
Component side with LEDs and microcontroller	Trace side with solder connections

💡 LED Indicators

Function	Bit	Pin
Hours	2⁰	PD7
	2¹	PD6
	2²	PD5
	2³	PD4
	2⁴	PD3
Minutes	2⁰	PC5
	2¹	PC4
	2²	PC3
	2³	PC2
	2⁴	PC1
	2⁵	PC0

🔘 Buttons

• Button 1: PB0
• Button 2: PB1
• Button 3: PD2

🕰️ Time & Measurements

• Clock crystal: PB6 + PB7
• Timing measurement: PD0

✨ Features

🔌 Initialization

• ⚡ Power-on sequence with LED chase animation
• 🕛 Default start time: 12:00
• ⏳ Auto-sleep after 2.5 minutes inactivity

🎛️ Button Functions

Combination	Action
Button 1	Toggle power saving mode
Button 2	➕ Increment hours (0→23)
Button 3	➕ Increment minutes (0→59)
Button 1 & 2	⚙️ Timing test mode
Button 2 & 3	💡 Cycle brightness (5 levels)

⚙️ Advanced Features

🔧 Timing Measurement Mode

• All LEDs light up for 2s on activation
• PD0 toggles every second
• Buttons disabled during test
• Exit by pressing 1+2 again (3x LED blink)

🔋 Power Saving Mode

• All LEDs turned off
• MCU in power-save mode
• Wake via PD0 interrupt or Button 1
• Full button functionality maintained

🌓 Brightness Control

• 5 adjustable brightness levels
• PWM-controlled LED intensity
• Settings persist through power cycles
• Cycle through levels with 2+3 button combo

🎬 Demonstration

Boot Sequence

// Boot sequence in the code
void startup_sequence() {
    for (int i = 7; i >= 3; i--) {
        PORTD |= (1 << i);
        _delay_ms(50);
        PORTD &= ~(1 << i);
    }

    for (int i = 3; i < 8; i++) {
        PORTD |= (1 << i);
        _delay_ms(50);
        PORTD &= ~(1 << i);
    }

    for (int i = 5; i >= 0; i--) {
        PORTC |= (1 << i);
        _delay_ms(50);
        PORTC &= ~(1 << i);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        PORTC |= (1 << i);
        _delay_ms(50);
        PORTC &= ~(1 << i);
    }

    _delay_ms(300);
}

📜 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

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Developed with ❤️ during my studies at HTWK Leipzig
🚀 Feel free to contribute or fork this project!