Compress tutorial (PoC)

examples/compress/README.md

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+# Compress Algorithm Tutorial
+
+This tutorial demonstrates how to compress large language models using the Compress algorithm based on the [Puzzle paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.19146).
+This tutorial demonstrates how to compress large language models using the compress algorithm based on the [Puzzle paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.19146).
+The goal of the algorithm it to find the most optimal modifications to MLP and attention layers of the model, resulting in a heterogeneous model architecture.
+The supported modifications are:
+
+- `ffn_intermediate_size`: different FFN intermediate sizes
+- `attention op/noop`: complete removal of attention layers
+
+To use the Puzzle algorithm effectively, we need to specify the target number of parameters and/or the memory. The final stage is based on Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) algorithm to find the most optimal combination of layer modifications that satisfy the target requirements.
+
+In this example, we compress the [meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct](https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct) model reducing GPU memory usage from 113 GiB to 96 GiB (15% reduction) with less than 1% regression in the token_accuracy_top_10 metric.
+
+## Environment
+
+- Install TensorRT-Model-Optimizer in editable mode with the corresponding dependencies:
+
+```bash
+pip install -e .[hf,compress]
+```
+
+- For this example we are using 2x NVIDIA H100 80GB HBM3 to show multi-GPU steps. You can use also use s single GPU.
+
+## Compress the Model
+
+1. Specify the `puzzle_dir`, `input_hf_model_path`, `dataset_path`, `intermediate_size_list`, and `target_memory` arguments in the [llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory.yaml](./configs/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory.yaml) configuration file.
+
+   **_NOTE:_**
+   How to choose `intermediate_size_list`?
+   The list specifies the candidate FFN sizes that we wish to search over. It is recommended to choose several pruning sizes (e.g. 15%, 20%, 30% etc of the original). Note that the values must be hardware-friendly (divisible by a 256) to avoid issues with tensor operations in subsequent steps.
+
+   Let's first shoot for 32% GPU memory reduction setting `target_memory = 78_000` GiB. This means that the algorithm will choose the candidates with highest accuracy that also meet the specified requirements.
+
+2. Download and prepare the [Nemotron-Post-Training-Dataset-v2](https://huggingface.co/datasets/nvidia/Nemotron-Post-Training-Dataset-v2).
+
+   dataset split: "code", "math", "stem", "chat", excluding reasoning samples (2.62GB)
+
+   ```bash
+   python -m modelopt.torch._compress.dataset.prepare_dataset --dataset_name nvidia/Nemotron-Post-Training-Dataset-v2 --output_dir path/to/Nemotron-Post-Training-Dataset-v2
+   ```
+
+3. Run the compression script.
+
+   ```bash
+   torchrun --nproc_per_node 2 examples/compress/main.py --config path/to/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory.yaml 2>&1 | tee ./log.txt | grep "Compress Progress"
+   ```
+
+   This will save the full output to `log.txt` and display the following progress on screen:
+
+   ```bash
+   [2025-11-02 12:06:34][rank-0][main.py:71] Compress Progress 1/8: starting compression pipeline
+   [2025-11-02 12:06:45][rank-0][compress_nas_plugin.py:123] Compress Progress 2/8: converting model from HF to DeciLM (single-gpu)
+   [2025-11-02 12:07:07][rank-0][compress_nas_plugin.py:132] Compress Progress 3/8: scoring pruning activations (multi-gpu)
+   [2025-11-02 12:11:36][rank-0][compress_nas_plugin.py:137] Compress Progress 4/8: pruning the model and saving pruned checkpoints (single-gpu)
+   [2025-11-02 12:12:20][rank-0][compress_nas_plugin.py:217] Compress Progress 5/8: building replacement library and subblock statistics (single-gpu)
+   [2025-11-02 12:12:21][rank-0][compress_nas_plugin.py:222] Compress Progress 6/8: calculating one block scores (multi-gpu)
+   [2025-11-02 12:50:41][rank-0][compress_nas_plugin.py:226] Compress Progress 7/8: running MIP and realizing models (multi-gpu)
+   [2025-11-02 12:52:34][rank-0][main.py:115] Compress Progress 8/8: compression pipeline completed (multi-gpu)
+   ```
+
+   Once the process is complete, the resulting network architecture will be recorded in `log.txt` for your review:
+
+   ```bash
+   ...
+   block_0:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_1:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_2:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_3:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_4:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_5:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_6:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_7:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_8:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_9:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_10:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_11:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_12:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_13:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_14:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_15:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_16:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_17:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_18:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_19:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_20:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_21:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_22:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_23:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_24:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_25:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_26:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_27:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_28:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_29:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_30:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+   block_31:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+
+   [2025-11-02 04:53:11,332]^[[92m[rank-0]^[[0m[run_puzzle.py:295] Total costs: {'stats.memory_mib': 75796.4140625, 'stats.ffn_num_params': 5637275648, 'stats.num_kv_heads': 160, 'stats.kv_cache_memory_mib': 61440.0, 'stats.ffn_memory_mib': 10752.25, 'stats.attention_memory_mib': 63040.15625, 'stats.attention_num_params': 838942720, 'stats.num_params': 7526895616, 'stats.has_attention': 20, 'stats.has_ffn': 32}
+   ...
+   ################################################################
+   validate_model_and_extract_token_probs(model_name='teacher')
+   ################################################################
+   ...
+   Average losses = {'lm_loss': 1.118250765837729, 'token_accuracy_top_1': 0.7331905364990234, 'token_accuracy_top_5': 0.9094219207763672, 'token_accuracy_top_10': 0.9423646926879883}
+   ...
+   ################################################################
+   validate_model_with_kl_div(model_name='solution_0', is_calc_kl_div=True)
+   ################################################################
+   ....
+   Average losses = {'lm_loss': 1.7577573340386152, 'token_accuracy_top_1': 0.6225490570068359, 'token_accuracy_top_5': 0.846257209777832, 'token_accuracy_top_10': 0.8987817764282227}
+   ```
+
+   30% GPU memory reduction leads to nearly 5% regression in token_accuracy_top_10 metric (0.898 / 0.942). Let's rerun MIP search aiming for 15% memory reduction.
+
+## Re-run MIP Search with different constraints
+
+If you want to try different constraints without re-running the expensive pruning and scoring steps, use the `--mip-only` flag.
+This assumes pruning, replacement library building, NAS scoring, and subblock stats calculation have already been completed.
+
+For example, let's set `target_memory: 96_000` in `llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory.yaml`.
+
+```bash
+torchrun --nproc_per_node 2 examples/compress/main.py --config path/to/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory.yaml --mip-only 2>&1 | tee ./log.txt | grep "Compress Progress"
+```
+
+This will generate the following network architecture (see `log.txt`):
+
+```bash
+block_0:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_1:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_2:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_3:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_4:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_5:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_6:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_7:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_8:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_9:   attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_10:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_11:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_12:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_13:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_14:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_15:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_16:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_17:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_18:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_19:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_20:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_21:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_22:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_23:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_24:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_25:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_26:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_27:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_28:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_29:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_30:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_31:  attention  gqa_4   ffn  intermediate_14336
+
+[2025-11-02 12:50:42,024]^[[92m[rank-0]^[[0m[run_puzzle.py:295] Total costs: {'stats.memory_mib': 94708.4609375, 'stats.has_ffn': 32, 'stats.ffn_memory_mib': 10752.25, 'stats.kv_cache_memory_mib': 79872.0, 'stats.attention_num_params': 1090625536, 'stats.ffn_num_params': 5637275648, 'stats.has_attention': 26, 'stats.num_params': 7778578432, 'stats.attention_memory_mib': 81952.203125, 'stats.num_kv_heads': 208}
+...
+################################################################
+validate_model_with_kl_div(model_name='solution_0', is_calc_kl_div=True)
+################################################################
+Average losses = {'lm_loss': 1.2425934937782586, 'token_accuracy_top_1': 0.703862190246582, 'token_accuracy_top_5': 0.8954982757568359, 'token_accuracy_top_10': 0.9336576461791992
+```
+
+On the other hand, if you set `target_memory: 28_000`, you'll observe that the intermediate FFN sizes are significantly reduced in certain layers (see `log.txt` for details):
+
+```bash
+block_5:   attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_11520
+block_6:   attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_7:   attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_8704
+block_8:   attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_14336
+block_9:   attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_3072
+block_10:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_11520
+block_11:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_11520
+block_12:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_11520
+block_13:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_11520
+block_14:  attention  no_op   ffn  intermediate_3072
+```
+
+## Evaluation
+
+Once the model is ready, you can evaluate it using [Language Model Evaluation Harness](https://pypi.org/project/lm-eval/). For example, run the following to evaluate the model on [Massive Multitask Language Understanding](https://huggingface.co/datasets/cais/mmlu) benchmark.
+
+```bash
+lm_eval --model hf \
+  --model_args pretrained=path/to/model,dtype=bfloat16,trust_remote_code=true,parallelize=True \
+  --tasks mmlu \
+  --num_fewshot 5 \
+  --batch_size 4
+```
+
+## Advanced usage
+
+Modify `path/to/Llama-3_1-8B yaml` file for advanced compression scenarios.

examples/compress/configs/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory/Llama-3_1-8B.yaml

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+defaults:
+  - pruning: ffn_pruning
+  - scoring: ../validate_solutions_defaults
+  - realize_model: ../validate_solutions_defaults
+  - bypass:
+  - override hydra/hydra_logging: disabled
+  - _self_
+
+puzzle_dir: ???
+teacher_dir: ${puzzle_dir}/ckpts/teacher/
+replacement_library_path: ${puzzle_dir}/replacement_library.json
+dataset_path: ???     # path to v0.4_mini
+
+skip_realize_model: false
+
+build_replacement_library:
+  add_ffn_no_ops: true
+  add_attention_no_ops: true
+
+calc_subblock_stats:
+  batch_sizes: [64, 96, 128]
+  prefill_seq_len: 4096
+  generation_seq_len: 4096
+  num_active_tokens_override:       # Optional override for sequence lengths
+  prefill_queue_size: 0
+  allocate_prefill_query: false
+  benchmark_iterations:       # Set to a number (e.g., 1000) to enable runtime benchmarking
+  merge_with_existing_stats: false
+  subblock_stats_filename: "subblock_stats.json"
+  moe_stats_filename: "moe_stats.json"
+  runtime_stats:
+    backend: trt_torch
+
+scoring:
+  solutions_to_validate:
+  skip_existing_solutions: true
+
+  replacement_library_path: ${replacement_library_path}
+  solutions_path: ${to_path:${puzzle_dir}/single_sequence_replacement_solutions.json}
+  teacher_dir: ${to_path:${teacher_dir}}
+  output_dir: ${puzzle_dir}/single_sequence_replacement_solutions--validation
+
+  eval_samples: 10 # default is 128
+  micro_batch_size: 1
+  seed: 42
+  shuffle_seed: 444
+  dataset_path: ${dataset_path}
+
+mip:
+  single_block_replacement_validation_dir: ${to_path:${scoring.output_dir}}
+  subblock_stats_path: ${to_path:${puzzle_dir}/${calc_subblock_stats.subblock_stats_filename}}
+  output_path: ${to_path:${puzzle_dir}/mip/puzzle_solutions}
+  gathered_metrics_path:
+  puzzle_profile:
+
+  # puzzle_profile:
+  objective: metrics.cosine_embedding_loss_hidden_states
+  bigger_is_better: false
+  num_solutions: 1
+  minimal_diversity: 2
+
+  subblock_stats_args:
+    - batch_size: 96
+      weights_dtype: torch.bfloat16
+      activations_dtype: torch.bfloat16
+      kv_cache_dtype: torch.bfloat16
+
+  report_additional_costs:
+    - stats.memory_mib
+    - stats.num_params
+    - stats.num_kv_heads
+    - stats.has_attention
+    - stats.has_ffn
+    - stats.kv_cache_memory_mib
+    - stats.attention_memory_mib
+    - stats.ffn_memory_mib
+    - stats.ffn_num_params
+    - stats.attention_num_params
+
+  human_constraints:
+    target_memory: 78_000
+
+  mip_constraints:
+  use_greedy_search: false
+  is_multi_layer_puzzle: true
+  metric_overrides:
+  constrain_search_func:
+  max_seconds_per_solution: 60
+
+realize_model:
+  teacher_dir: ${to_path:${teacher_dir}}
+  tokenizer_name: ${to_path:${teacher_dir}}
+  replacement_library_path: ${replacement_library_path}
+  save_models: true
+  solutions_path:     # Filled dynamically
+
+  # Validate params
+  skip_validation: false    # To enable validation of the model solution set `skip_validation` as False
+  eval_samples: 128
+  micro_batch_size: 1
+  seed: 42
+  shuffle_seed: 444
+  dataset_path: ${dataset_path}
+
+nccl_timeout_minutes: ${timedelta_minutes:10}
+
+# This section redirects Hydra outputs
+hydra:
+  run:
+    dir: ${puzzle_dir}/hydra_logs/${now:%Y-%m-%d}/${now:%H-%M-%S}

examples/compress/configs/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory.yaml

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+defaults:
+  - Llama-3_1-8B
+  - _self_
+
+# Input Hugging Face model to compress
+input_hf_model_path: /workspace/hf_models/meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct
+
+# Dataset path for pruning and NAS scoring
+dataset_path: /workspace/datasets/Nemotron-Post-Training-Dataset-v2
+
+# Working directory for compression outputs
+puzzle_dir: /workspace/puzzle_dir
+
+# MIP memory constraint (in MiB) 
+mip:
+  human_constraints:
+    target_memory: 96_000 # 96 GiB
+
+# FFN intermediate sizes to search over (heterogeneous architecture)
+pruning:
+  intermediate_size_list: [3072, 5888, 8704, 11520]  # teacher_intermediate_size is 14336

examples/compress/configs/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory/pruning/attn_pruning.yaml

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+defaults:
+  - pruning_defaults
+
+activations_log_dir: ${puzzle_dir}/pruning/pruning_scores/attn_${pruning.activation_hooks_kwargs.method}/${pruning.experiment_id}
+
+activation_hooks_kwargs:
+  method: independent_kv_head_contribution
+  optimize_for: memory    # IndependentKvHeadContributionHook implementation that consumes less memory
+  target_layer: "self_attn.o_proj"
+  layer_input_descriptors_path:
+
+# n_heads_in_group: 4
+# num_attention_heads: 32       # num query heads
+# num_kv_heads: 32 / 4 = 8      # num_query_heads // n_heads_in_group
+n_heads_in_group_list: [8, 16, 32]      # num_kv_heads = [4, 2, 1]
+gqa_init_mode: "PruneKVHeads"

examples/compress/configs/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory/pruning/ffn_pruning.yaml

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+defaults:
+  - pruning_defaults
+
+activations_log_dir: ${puzzle_dir}/pruning/pruning_scores/ffn_${pruning.activation_hooks_kwargs.method}/${pruning.experiment_id}
+
+activation_hooks_kwargs:
+  method: iterative
+  target_layer: "mlp.down_proj"
+  layer_input_descriptors_path:
+
+intermediate_size_list: [3072, 5888, 8704, 11520]  # teacher_intermediate_size is 14336
+mlp_init_mode: "PruneByActivationsLog"

examples/compress/configs/llama-3_1-8B_pruneffn_memory/pruning/hidden_dim_pruning.yaml

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+defaults:
+  - pruning_defaults
+
+activations_log_dir: ${puzzle_dir}/pruning/pruning_scores/hidden_dim_${pruning.activation_hooks_kwargs.method}/${pruning.experiment_id}
+
+activation_hooks_kwargs:
+  method: layer_norm_contribution
+  target_layer: "layernorm"
+
+# Hidden dimension pruning specific settings
+hidden_size_list: [3072, 2048]  # Target hidden sizes to prune to
+hidden_size_init_mode: "PruneByChannelRanking"
+mlp_init_mode: "Truncate" # TODO, make it work with CopyAsIs/FromTeacher
+gqa_init_mode: "AverageKV" # TODO, make it work with CopyAsIs/FromTeacher
+linear_init_mode: "FromTeacher"