diff --git a/extensions/indexes/range/pom.xml b/extensions/indexes/range/pom.xml
index a31c10e1da..c26feebee2 100644
--- a/extensions/indexes/range/pom.xml
+++ b/extensions/indexes/range/pom.xml
@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@
                                 <include>pom.xml</include>
                                 <include>src/test/resources-filtered/conf.xml</include>
                                 <include>src/test/resources/log4j2.xml</include>
+                                <include>src/test/xquery/range/conditions.xql</include>
                                 <include>src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexAnalyzer.java</include>
                                 <include>src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition.java</include>
                                 <include>src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigElement.java</include>
@@ -203,6 +204,7 @@
                                 <exclude>pom.xml</exclude>
                                 <exclude>src/test/resources-filtered/conf.xml</exclude>
                                 <exclude>src/test/resources/log4j2.xml</exclude>
+                                <exclude>src/test/xquery/range/conditions.xql</exclude>
                                 <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexAnalyzer.java</exclude>
                                 <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition.java</exclude>
                                 <exclude>src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigElement.java</exclude>
diff --git a/extensions/indexes/range/src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition.java b/extensions/indexes/range/src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition.java
index 65e8b243e4..697d7c2006 100644
--- a/extensions/indexes/range/src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition.java
+++ b/extensions/indexes/range/src/main/java/org/exist/indexing/range/RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition.java
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@
 package org.exist.indexing.range;
 
 import org.exist.dom.QName;
+import org.exist.dom.persistent.ElementImpl;
+import org.exist.dom.persistent.NodeImpl;
 import org.exist.storage.ElementValue;
 import org.exist.storage.NodePath;
 import org.exist.util.DatabaseConfigurationException;
@@ -77,8 +79,7 @@
  */
 public class RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition extends RangeIndexConfigCondition{
 
-    private final String attributeName;
-    private final QName attribute;
+    private final QName attributeName;
     private @Nullable final String value;
     private final Operator operator;
     private final boolean caseSensitive;
@@ -94,13 +95,23 @@ public RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition(Element elem, NodePath parentPath) thr
             throw new DatabaseConfigurationException("Range index module: Attribute condition cannot be defined for an attribute:" + parentPath.toString());
         }
 
-        this.attributeName = elem.getAttribute("attribute");
-        if (this.attributeName.isEmpty()) {
+        final String attributeValue = elem.getAttribute("attribute");
+        if (attributeValue.isEmpty()) {
             throw new DatabaseConfigurationException("Range index module: Empty or no attribute qname in condition");
         }
 
         try {
-            this.attribute = new QName(QName.extractLocalName(this.attributeName), XMLConstants.NULL_NS_URI, QName.extractPrefix(this.attributeName), ElementValue.ATTRIBUTE);
+            final String attrLocalName = QName.extractLocalName(attributeValue);
+            @Nullable final String attrPrefix = QName.extractPrefix(attributeValue);
+            if (attrPrefix != null) {
+                @Nullable final String attrNamespace = findNamespaceForPrefix(attrPrefix, (ElementImpl) elem);
+                if (attrNamespace == null) {
+                    throw new DatabaseConfigurationException("Range index module: Missing namespace declaration for attribute qname in condition");
+                }
+                this.attributeName = new QName(attrLocalName, attrNamespace, attrPrefix, ElementValue.ATTRIBUTE);
+            } else {
+                this.attributeName = new QName(attrLocalName, XMLConstants.NULL_NS_URI, null, ElementValue.ATTRIBUTE);
+            }
         } catch (final QName.IllegalQNameException e) {
             throw new DatabaseConfigurationException("Rand index module error: " + e.getMessage(), e);
         }
@@ -169,6 +180,24 @@ public RangeIndexConfigAttributeCondition(Element elem, NodePath parentPath) thr
 
     }
 
+    private static @Nullable String findNamespaceForPrefix(final String prefix, ElementImpl contextElem) {
+        while (contextElem != null) {
+            final String namespace = contextElem.getNamespaceForPrefix(prefix);
+            if (namespace != null) {
+                return namespace;
+            }
+
+            @Nullable final Node parentNode = contextElem.getParentNode();
+            if (parentNode != null && parentNode instanceof ElementImpl) {
+                contextElem = (ElementImpl) parentNode;
+            } else {
+                contextElem = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
     // lazily evaluate lowercase value to convert once when needed
     private String getLowercaseValue() {
         if (this.lowercaseValue == null) {
@@ -180,15 +209,18 @@ private String getLowercaseValue() {
         return this.lowercaseValue;
     }
 
-
     @Override
-    public boolean matches(Node node) {
-
-        if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE && matchValue(((Element)node).getAttribute(attributeName))) {
-            return true;
+    public boolean matches(final Node node) {
+        final String attrValue;
+        if (attributeName.hasNamespace()) {
+            attrValue = ((Element) node).getAttributeNS(attributeName.getNamespaceURI(), attributeName.getLocalPart());
+        } else {
+            attrValue = ((Element) node).getAttribute(attributeName.getLocalPart());
         }
 
-        return false;
+        return node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE
+                && matchValue(attrValue);
+
     }
 
     private boolean matchValue(String testValue) {
@@ -365,7 +397,7 @@ public boolean find(Predicate predicate) {
 
                 if (qname.getNameType() == ElementValue.ATTRIBUTE
                         && operator.equals(this.operator)
-                        && qname.equals(this.attribute)
+                        && qname.equals(attributeName)
                         && valueTypeMatches
                         && foundValue.equals(requiredValue)) {
 
diff --git a/extensions/indexes/range/src/test/xquery/range/conditions.xql b/extensions/indexes/range/src/test/xquery/range/conditions.xql
index bed3116e3a..5f45944c06 100644
--- a/extensions/indexes/range/src/test/xquery/range/conditions.xql
+++ b/extensions/indexes/range/src/test/xquery/range/conditions.xql
@@ -1,4 +1,28 @@
 (:
+ : Elemental
+ : Copyright (C) 2024, Evolved Binary Ltd
+ :
+ : admin@evolvedbinary.com
+ : https://www.evolvedbinary.com | https://www.elemental.xyz
+ :
+ : This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ : modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ : License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2.1.
+ :
+ : This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ : but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ : MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ : Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ :
+ : You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ : License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+ : Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+ :
+ : NOTE: Parts of this file contain code from 'The eXist-db Authors'.
+ :       The original license header is included below.
+ :
+ : =====================================================================
+ :
  : eXist-db Open Source Native XML Database
  : Copyright (C) 2001 The eXist-db Authors
  :
@@ -36,7 +60,9 @@ declare namespace stats="http://exist-db.org/xquery/profiling";
 declare variable $ct:COLLECTION_CONFIG :=
     <collection xmlns="http://exist-db.org/collection-config/1.0">
         <index xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
-        xmlns:tei="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
+        xmlns:tei="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"
+        xmlns:other1="http://other1"
+        xmlns:other2="http://other2">
             <range>
                 <create qname="tei:note">
                     <condition attribute="type" value="availability" />
@@ -59,6 +85,14 @@ declare variable $ct:COLLECTION_CONFIG :=
                     <field name="orig_place" match="tei:place/tei:placeName" type="xs:string" case="no"></field>
                 </create>
                 <create qname="tei:note" type="xs:string" case="no" />
+                <create qname="tei:note">
+                    <condition attribute="other1:type" value="other1" />
+                    <field name="other1" type="xs:string" case="no"/>
+                </create>
+                <create qname="tei:note">
+                    <condition attribute="other2:type" value="other2" />
+                    <field name="other2" type="xs:string" case="no"/>
+                </create>
                 <create qname="tei:placeName">
                     <condition attribute="type" value="someType" />
                     <condition attribute="cert" value="high" />
@@ -134,7 +168,7 @@ declare variable $ct:COLLECTION_CONFIG :=
 
 
 declare variable $ct:DATA :=
-    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
+    <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:other1="http://other1" xmlns:other2="http://other2">
         <teiHeader>
             <fileDesc>
                 <titleStmt><title>conditional fields!</title></titleStmt>
@@ -143,7 +177,7 @@ declare variable $ct:DATA :=
                 <msDesc>
                     <msContents>
                         <msItemStruct>
-                            <note type="availability">publiziert</note>
+                            <note type="availability" other1:type="other1">publiziert</note>
                             <note type="text_type">literarisch</note>
                             <note type="orig_place">
                                 <place>
@@ -161,10 +195,11 @@ declare variable $ct:DATA :=
                                     <placeName cert="high" type="someOtherType">Alexandria</placeName>
                                 </place>
                             </note>
-                            <note type="start_end">startswithendswith</note>
-                            <note>foo</note>
-                            <note type="bar">foo</note>
-                            <note type="something">literarisch</note>
+                            <note type="start_end" other1:type="other1" other2:type="other2">startswithendswith</note>
+                            <note type="other2" other1:type="start_end">foo</note>
+                            <note type="bar" other2:type="other2">foo</note>
+                            <note type="something" other2:type="other2">literarisch</note>
+                            <note xmlns:other1="http://not-other-one" other1:type="other1">other1-not-same-namespace</note>
                         </msItemStruct>
                     </msContents>
                 </msDesc>
@@ -533,3 +568,20 @@ function ct:optimize-matches-no-case() {
 collection($ct:COLLECTION)//tei:p[matches(@type, "bb")][. = "something"]
 };
 
+(:~
+ : See: https://github.com/eXist-db/exist/issues/5189
+ :)
+declare
+    %test:assertEquals("publiziert", "startswithendswith")
+function ct:other1-index-keys() {
+  range:index-keys-for-field("other1", function($k, $n) { $k }, 10)
+};
+
+(:~
+ : See: https://github.com/eXist-db/exist/issues/5189
+ :)
+declare
+    %test:assertEquals("foo", "literarisch", "startswithendswith")
+function ct:other2-index-keys() {
+  range:index-keys-for-field("other2", function($k, $n) { $k }, 10)
+};
diff --git a/schema/collection.xconf.xsd b/schema/collection.xconf.xsd
index 43574fe1ea..7a40be0898 100644
--- a/schema/collection.xconf.xsd
+++ b/schema/collection.xconf.xsd
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@
         <xs:attribute name="at" type="xs:anyURI" use="required" form="unqualified"/>
     </xs:attributeGroup>
     <xs:attributeGroup name="attributeReq">
-        <xs:attribute name="attribute" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="attribute" type="xs:QName" use="required"/>
     </xs:attributeGroup>
     <xs:attributeGroup name="boostOpt">
         <xs:attribute name="boost" type="xs:double" use="optional" form="unqualified"/>